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Objective:To analyze the activation characteristics of trapezius muscle in normal people, and explore whether different interventions could restore the activation pattern of people with abnormal trapezius muscles to normal during subsequent exercises. Methods:From September to October, 2017, 20 persons with normal shoulder joints (control group) and 20 persons with mild discomfort in shoulder joints (observation group) participated in the study. All of them were treated randomly with four steps, including no intervention, static traction of upper trapezius muscle (UT), isometric contraction of lower trapezius muscle (LT) and combined intervention. Then, they were asked to complete three actions, including straight arm side lifting, sitting in rowing and flying birds. Myoelectric signal was recorded before and after test. Results:Compared with the control group, the UT activation degree increased (P < 0.05), and the activation time shortened (P < 0.05); the activation degrees of middle trapezius muscle (MT) and LT decreased (P < 0.05), and the activation time delayed (P < 0.05); the ratios of UT/LT and UT/MT increased (P < 0.05) in the observation group with no intervention. After static traction of UT, isometric contraction of LT, and both interventions, the MVE%, activation time and the ratios of activation varied in different muscles under different actions in both groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion:In different actions, the activation degree and activation time of three trapezius muscles are different. Static traction of UT and isometric contraction of LT before exercise could improve the activation pattern of trapezius muscles of people with shoulder joint discomfort during exercise, which is conducive to the normal function of the shoulder joint.
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Objective: To study the origin of Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos materia medica and its historical origin, in order to evaluate the quality of Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos by HPLC method, and define the advantages of Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos with the origin of Nanyang. Method: Records of Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos in the "Chinese Medical Code" and related ancient documents were studied to explain the origin and application. The genetic relationship between Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos and other pieces was revealed in ancient literatures. Then 8 chemical constituents in 14 batches of Chrysanthemi Flos were determined by HPLC multi-components quantitation,and the comprehensive weighted score analysis was performed based on the results. The HPLC fingerprints were established,and the similarity analysis and clustering analysis were made to comprehensive evaluation the quality of Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos and define the genetic relationship between Nanyang and other pieces at the chemical composition level. Result: The results of the herbal textual research show that Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos spread from place to place since the Han dynasty,and impact many medicinal chrysanthemums of later generations. HPLC fingerprints similarity and cluster analysis also indicated the genetic relationship between Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos and other species at the chemical level. The comprehensive score analysis results show that Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos is of good quality and very suitable for medicinal purposes. Conclusion: Nanyang has been a quality production area of Chrysanthemi Flos since ancient times to present. Nanyang Chrysanthemi Flos is very suitable for medicinal purposes and worthy of promotion.
ABSTRACT
Safflower is a dried flower of the annual herbaceous plant safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). As a traditional Chinese medicine, it was widely used in the regulation of blood circulation. Flavonoids are the main active ingredients in safflower. MYB transcription factors are involved in the regulation of flavonoids. The cloning and expression analysis of MYB transcription factor genes in safflower is of great significance, not only for clarifying the regulation mechanism of flavonoids biosynthesis in safflower, but also for the artificial regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower. Based on the transcriptome data, we used iTAK to annotate the MYB transcription factors in safflower. The MYB transcription factors were cloned and their sequences were analyzed. Besides, their expressions were analyzed by a Real-time PCR. In the experiment, eight long fragment MYB transcription factors were screened and six MYB transcription factors was successfully cloned, named CtMYB-TF1, CtMYB-TF2, CtMYB-TF4, CtMYB-TF5, CtMYB-TF6 and CtMYB-TF7, respectively. The six MYB transcription factors had the core domain of MYB transcription factor family, and evolutionary analysis showed that the CtMYB-TF7 transcription factor was closely related to the factors AtMYBL2 and AtMYB12. Expression analysis showed that the expression of CtMYB-TF5, CtMYB-TF6 and CtMYB-TF7 was low in roots, stems and leaves, and was high in the flower. The results provide a foundation for study of mechanism of molecular regulation of safflower flavonoids.
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The type 2 diabetes rat model was induced with high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with low-dose STZ. This study investigated the hypolipidemic mechanism of Coptis chinensis and C. deltoidea. After 30 days of administration, HOMA-IR and the content of TG in serum were detected, and the expressions of SCAP, SREBP-1c were tested by the method of Western blot and Real-time PCR analysis. The test results showed that both components can significantly alleviate insulin resistance and down-regulate the expressions of SREBP-1c and SCAP in liver tissue of type two diabetes mellitus. Compared with the control group, there were significant differences in relevant protein expression (<0.05, <0.01). This indicates that the inhibition of SREBP-1c and SCAP expressions may be the hypolipidemic mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma on type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results also showed that C. deltoidea has a better efficacy in lipid elimination, but a weaker hypoglycemic effect against C. chinensis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on mineralization potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat DPSC were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into three groups, IL-1β (10 µg/L), osteogenic inductive medium and non-osteogenic inductive medium. After 3, 7, and 12 days of treatment, the cultures were evaluated for cell proliferation and calcium deposit. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the gene expression levels of osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1). In vivo test, after 3 day's treatment with IL-1β, the cell-scaffold complexes were implanted subcutaneously in mice for 8 weeks. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate hard tissue formation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In vitro test, after 3-day's treatment, IL-1β improved cell proliferation to 137.22 DNA µg/L and cell viability becomes (97.12 ± 7.18)% of control. The gene expression levels of OC, BSP, DSPP and DMP-1 are (378.19 ± 16.22)%, (427.12 ± 18.22)%, (247.19 ± 10.11)% and (198.29 ± 10.23)% respectively. The results of IL-1β's group was notable increased compared with non-osteogenic induction medium and the statistical differences are significant. IL-1β induced the odontogenic differentiation of DPSC. However, these effects tended to continuously decrease with treatment time. Histological analysis demonstrated that in the group treated with IL-1β hard tissue was markedly formed in vivo.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-1β may induce the mineralization of DPSC and play an important role in host defenses and tissue repair.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Calcification, Physiologic , Cell Proliferation , Cell Survival , Cells, Cultured , Dental Pulp , Cell Biology , Extracellular Matrix Proteins , Metabolism , Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein , Metabolism , Interleukin-1beta , Pharmacology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Osteocalcin , Metabolism , Phosphoproteins , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Sialoglycoproteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the role of nutritional status on serum immunoglobulins, body weight and postoperative infectious-related complications in patients with Crohn's disease receiving perioperative parenteral nutrition (PN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>32 patients with Crohn's disease receiving perioperative parenteral nutrition in our department between 1984 and 1994 were enrolled in this survey. 16 patients with loss of body weight in the range of 15%-30% were assigned to the malnutrition group, the other 16 patients with normal weight or loss of body weight less than 15% to the control group. Serum IgM, IgG and IgA levels were measured before and after PN by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Liver function, body weight changes and postoperative complications were also analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IgM levels were elevated before PN in both groups [control group: (133 +/- 16) mg/dl, malnutrition group: (139 +/- 41) mg/dl; normal value: (110 +/- 35) mg/dl; P = 0.04], decreased to normal value [(105 +/- 29) mg/dl, P = 0.02] in the malnutrition group while having no obvious changes in the control group [(129 +/- 13) mg/dl, P = 0.34]. No significant changes in concentrations of IgG and IgA were found (P in the range of 0.20-0.57). The average weight gain was 1.862 kg in malnutrition group [before PN: (45.8 +/- 8.9) kg, after PN: (48.0 +/- 8.8) kg; P = 0.005] and no significant changes in the control group [before PN: (55.6 +/- 6.1) kg, after PN: (56.3 +/- 6.0) kg; P = 0.46]. There was an increase in infectious complications in the control group (control group: 4 cases, 25%, malnourished group: 2 cases, 12.5%; P = 0.13).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Perioperative parenteral nutrition ameliorated the humoral immunity, increased the body weight in patients with obvious malnutrition, whereas it had little value for those without or with mild malnutrition.</p>